月份：2017年9月

众所周知，zabbix是一款强大的分布式监控系统，集各家所长于一体，得到了广大SA的认可。其强大的管理界面也极其方便，但是美中不足的是，如果同时有大批量（50台+）的服务器需要添加监控时，这时，其图形界面反而显得有些臃肿了，好在zabbix提供了一套强大的API管理接口，我们可以使用它快速地添加或删除成千上万台服务器了。

下面的流程图代表了Zabbix API 工作的典型工作流。验证（方法user.login）是获取验证ID的强制步骤。这个ID又允许我们调用API提供的任何权限允许的方法来进行操作。在之前的例子中没有提到user.logout方法，这也是一次验证ID能够重复使用的原因所在。使用user.logout方法后将会使验证ID失效，后面的操作将不能再使用此ID。

1. 首先获取所有模板及ID

#!/usr/bin/python 
#coding:utf-8 

import json 
import urllib2 
from urllib2 import URLError 
import sys,argparse

class zabbix_api: 
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'http://10.0.8.8/api_jsonrpc.php'
        self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

    def user_login(self): 
        data = json.dumps({ 
                           "jsonrpc": "2.0", 
                           "method": "user.login", 
                           "params": { 
                                      "user": "pengdongwen",            #修改用户名
                                      "password": "pengdongwen"         #修改密码
                                      }, 
                           "id": 0 
                           }) 

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            print "33[041m 用户认证失败，请检查 !33[0m", e.code 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            result.close() 
            #print response['result'] 
            self.authID = response['result'] 
            return self.authID 

    def template_get(self,templateName=''): 
        data = json.dumps({ 
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0", 
                           "method": "template.get", 
                           "params": { 
                                      "output": "extend", 
                                      "filter": { 
                                                 "name":templateName                                                        
                                                 } 
                                      }, 
                           "auth":self.user_login(), 
                           "id":1, 
                           })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            print "Error as ", e 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            result.close() 
            #print response
            for template in response['result']:                
                if len(templateName)==0:
                    print "template : 33[31m%s33[0mt  id : %s" % (template['name'], template['templateid'])
                else:
                    self.templateID = response['result'][0]['templateid'] 
            print "Template Name :  33[31m%s33[0m "%templateName
                    return response['result'][0]['templateid']

if __name__ == "__main__":
    zabbix=zabbix_api()
        zabbix_api().template_get()

2. 根据模板ID获取某个模板关联的主机ID

#!/usr/bin/python 
#coding:utf-8 

import json 
import urllib2 
from urllib2 import URLError 
import sys,argparse

class zabbix_api: 
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'http://10.0.8.8/api_jsonrpc.php'
        self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

    def user_login(self): 
        data = json.dumps({ 
                           "jsonrpc": "2.0", 
                           "method": "user.login", 
                           "params": { 
                                      "user": "pengdongwen",            #修改用户名
                                      "password": "pengdongwen" #修改密码
                                      }, 
                           "id": 0 
                           }) 

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            print "33[041m 用户认证失败，请检查 !33[0m", e.code 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            result.close() 
            self.authID = response['result'] 
            return self.authID 

    def host_get(self): 
        data=json.dumps({
                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                "method": "host.get",
                "params": {
                          "output": ["hostid","name"],
                              "templateids":["10105"]
                          },
                "auth": self.user_login(),
                "id": 1
                })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            if hasattr(e, 'reason'): 
                print 'We failed to reach a server.' 
                print 'Reason: ', e.reason 
            elif hasattr(e, 'code'): 
                print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' 
                print 'Error code: ', e.code 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            #print response
                for host in response['result']:
                    print "HostID : %st HostName : %st"%(host['hostid'],host['name'])
            result.close() 
            #print "主机数量: 33[31m%s33[0m"%(len(response['result']))

if __name__ == "__main__":
        zabbix=zabbix_api()
        zabbix.host_get()

3. 根据主机ID获取主机IP地址

#!/usr/bin/python 
#coding:utf-8 

import json 
import urllib2 
from urllib2 import URLError 
import sys,argparse

class zabbix_api: 
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'http://10.0.8.8/api_jsonrpc.php'
        self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

    def user_login(self): 
        data = json.dumps({ 
                           "jsonrpc": "2.0", 
                           "method": "user.login", 
                           "params": { 
                                      "user": "pengdongwen",            #修改用户名
                                      "password": "pengdongwen"         #修改密码
                                      }, 
                           "id": 0 
                           }) 

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            print "33[041m 用户认证失败，请检查 !33[0m", e.code 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            result.close() 
            self.authID = response['result'] 
            return self.authID 

    def host_ip(self): 
        data=json.dumps({
                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                "method": "hostinterface.get",
                "params": {
                          "output": ["hostid","ip"],
                              "hostids": ["10031"]
                          },
                "auth": self.user_login(),
                "id": 1
                })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            if hasattr(e, 'reason'): 
                print 'We failed to reach a server.' 
                print 'Reason: ', e.reason 
            elif hasattr(e, 'code'): 
                print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' 
                print 'Error code: ', e.code 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            #print response
                for host in response['result']:
                    print "HostID: %st IP: %st"%(host['hostid'],host['ip'])
            result.close() 
            print "主机数量: 33[31m%s33[0m"%(len(response['result']))

if __name__ == "__main__":
        zabbix=zabbix_api()
        zabbix.host_ip()

4. 多功能API

#!/usr/bin/python 
#coding:utf-8 

import json 
import urllib2 
from urllib2 import URLError 
import sys,argparse

class zabbix_api: 
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'http://nh.monitor.ejuops.com/api_jsonrpc.php'
        self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

    def user_login(self): 
        data = json.dumps({ 
                           "jsonrpc": "2.0", 
                           "method": "user.login", 
                           "params": { 
                                      "user": "pengdongwen",            #修改用户名
                                      "password": "pengdongwen@eju" #修改密码
                                      }, 
                           "id": 0 
                           }) 

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            print "33[041m 用户认证失败，请检查 !33[0m", e.code 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            result.close() 
            #print response['result'] 
            self.authID = response['result'] 
            return self.authID 

    def host_get(self,hostName=''): 
        data=json.dumps({
                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                "method": "host.get",
                "params": {
                          "output": "extend",
                          "filter":{"host":hostName} 
                          },
                "auth": self.user_login(),
                "id": 1
                })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 


        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            if hasattr(e, 'reason'): 
                print 'We failed to reach a server.' 
                print 'Reason: ', e.reason 
            elif hasattr(e, 'code'): 
                print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' 
                print 'Error code: ', e.code 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            #print response
            result.close() 
            print "主机数量: 33[31m%s33[0m"%(len(response['result']))
            for host in response['result']:      
                    status={"0":"OK","1":"Disabled"}
            available={"0":"Unknown","1":"available","2":"Unavailable"}
            #print host
            if len(hostName)==0:
                        print "HostID : %st HostName : %st Status :33[32m%s33[0m t Available :33[31m%s33[0m"%(host['hostid'],host['name'],status[host['status']],available[host['available']])
            else:
                        print "HostID : %st HostName : %st Status :33[32m%s33[0m t Available :33[31m%s33[0m"%(host['hostid'],host['name'],status[host['status']],available[host['available']])
                return host['hostid']

    def hostgroup_get(self, hostgroupName=''): 
        data = json.dumps({ 
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0", 
                           "method":"hostgroup.get", 
                           "params":{ 
                                     "output": "extend", 
                                     "filter": { 
                                                "name": hostgroupName 
                                                } 
                                     }, 
                           "auth":self.user_login(), 
                           "id":1, 
                           }) 

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            print "Error as ", e 
        else: 
            #print result.read()
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            result.close() 
            #print response()
            for group in response['result']:
                if  len(hostgroupName)==0:
                    print "hostgroup:  33[31m%s33[0m tgroupid : %s" %(group['name'],group['groupid'])
            else:
                    print "hostgroup:  33[31m%s33[0mtgroupid : %s" %(group['name'],group['groupid'])
                    self.hostgroupID = group['groupid'] 
                    return group['groupid'] 


    def template_get(self,templateName=''): 
        data = json.dumps({ 
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0", 
                           "method": "template.get", 
                           "params": { 
                                      "output": "extend", 
                                      "filter": { 
                                                 "name":templateName                                                        
                                                 } 
                                      }, 
                           "auth":self.user_login(), 
                           "id":1, 
                           })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            print "Error as ", e 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            result.close() 
            #print response
            for template in response['result']:                
                if len(templateName)==0:
                    print "template : 33[31m%s33[0mt  id : %s" % (template['name'], template['templateid'])
                else:
                    self.templateID = response['result'][0]['templateid'] 
            print "Template Name :  33[31m%s33[0m "%templateName
                    return response['result'][0]['templateid']
    def hostgroup_create(self,hostgroupName):

        if self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName):
            print "hostgroup  33[42m%s33[0m is exist !"%hostgroupName
            sys.exit(1)
        data = json.dumps({
                          "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                          "method": "hostgroup.create",
                          "params": {
                          "name": hostgroupName
                          },
                          "auth": self.user_login(),
                          "id": 1
                          })
        request=urllib2.Request(self.url,data)

        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e: 
            print "Error as ", e 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            result.close()
            print "33[042m 添加主机组:%s33[0m  hostgroupID : %s"%(hostgroupName,response['result']['groupids'])



    def host_create(self, hostip, hostgroupName, templateName): 
        if self.host_get(hostip):
        print "33[041m该主机已经添加!33[0m" 
        sys.exit(1)
            if self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName):
                print "33[041m该主机组存在!33[0m"
            else:
                data = json.dumps({
                                  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                                  "method": "hostgroup.create",
                                  "params": {
                                  "name": hostgroupName
                                  },
                                  "auth": self.user_login(),
                                  "id": 1
                })
                request=urllib2.Request(self.url,data)

                for key in self.header:
                    request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

                try:
                    result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
                except URLError as e:
                    print "Error as ", e
                else:
                    response = json.loads(result.read())
                    result.close()
                    #print "33[042m 添加主机组:%s33[0m  hostgroupID : %s"%(hostgroupName,response['result']['groupids'])

        group_list=[]
        template_list=[]
        for i in hostgroupName.split(','):
            var = {}
            var['groupid'] = self.hostgroup_get(i)
            group_list.append(var)
        for i in templateName.split(','):
            var={}
            var['templateid']=self.template_get(i)
            template_list.append(var)   

        data = json.dumps({ 
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0", 
                           "method":"host.create", 
                           "params":{ 
                                     "host": hostip, 
                                     "interfaces": [ 
                                     { 
                                     "type": 1, 
                                     "main": 1, 
                                     "useip": 1, 
                                     "ip": hostip, 
                                     "dns": "", 
                                     "port": "10050" 
                                      } 
                                     ], 
                                   "groups": group_list,
                                   "templates": template_list,
                                     }, 
                           "auth": self.user_login(), 
                           "id":1                   
        }) 
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except URLError as e: 
            print "Error as ", e 
        else: 
            response = json.loads(result.read()) 
            result.close() 
            print "添加主机 : 33[42m%s31[0m tid :33[31m%s33[0m" % (hostip, response['result']['hostids']) 



    def host_disable(self,hostip):
        data=json.dumps({
        "jsonrpc": "2.0",
        "method": "host.update",
        "params": {
        "hostid": self.host_get(hostip),
        "status": 1
        },
        "auth": self.user_login(),
        "id": 1
        })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
            for key in self.header:
                request.add_header(key, self.header[key])       
            try: 
                result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
            except URLError as e: 
                print "Error as ", e 
            else: 
                response = json.loads(result.read()) 
                result.close()
                print '----主机现在状态------------'
            print self.host_get(hostip)


    def host_delete(self,hostid):
        hostid_list=[]
        #print type(hostid)
        for i in hostid.split(','):
            var = {}
            var['hostid'] = self.host_get(i)
            hostid_list.append(var)      
        data=json.dumps({
                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                "method": "host.delete",
                "params": hostid_list,
                "auth": self.user_login(),
                "id": 1
                })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) 
        for key in self.header: 
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) 

        try: 
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
        except Exception,e: 
            print  e
        else: 

            result.close() 
            print "主机 33[041m %s33[0m  已经删除 !"%hostid 


if __name__ == "__main__":
    zabbix=zabbix_api()
    parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description='zabbix  api ',usage='%(prog)s [options]')
    parser.add_argument('-H','--host',nargs='?',dest='listhost',default='host',help='查询主机')
    parser.add_argument('-G','--group',nargs='?',dest='listgroup',default='group',help='查询主机组')
    parser.add_argument('-T','--template',nargs='?',dest='listtemp',default='template',help='查询模板信息')
    parser.add_argument('-A','--add-group',nargs=1,dest='addgroup',help='添加主机组')
    parser.add_argument('-C','--add-host',dest='addhost',nargs=3,metavar=('192.168.2.1', 'test01,test02', 'Template01,Template02'),help='添加主机,多个主机组或模板使用分号')
    parser.add_argument('-d','--disable',dest='disablehost',nargs=1,metavar=('192.168.2.1'),help='禁用主机')
    parser.add_argument('-D','--delete',dest='deletehost',nargs='+',metavar=('192.168.2.1'),help='删除主机,多个主机之间用分号')
    parser.add_argument('-v','--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s 1.0')
    if len(sys.argv)==1:
        print parser.print_help()
    else:
        args=parser.parse_args()

        if args.listhost != 'host' :
            if args.listhost:
                zabbix.host_get(args.listhost)
            else:
                zabbix.host_get()
        if args.listgroup !='group':
            if args.listgroup:
                zabbix.hostgroup_get(args.listgroup)
            else:
                zabbix.hostgroup_get()
        if args.listtemp != 'template':
            if args.listtemp:
                zabbix.template_get(args.listtemp)
            else:
                zabbix.template_get()
        if args.addgroup:
            zabbix.hostgroup_create(args.addgroup[0])
        if args.addhost:
            zabbix.host_create(args.addhost[0], args.addhost[1], args.addhost[2])
        if args.disablehost:
            zabbix.host_disable(args.disablehost)
        if args.deletehost:
            zabbix.host_delete(args.deletehost[0])

完结。。。